Rod baking oven or the like



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P 1942. c. F. MAYER 229G361 ROD BAKING OVEN OR-THE LIKE Filed May15,1939 s sheets-sheet 1 X0 a W a 33 INVENTOR. 9 BY Carl FMayer Sept.22, 1942. c. F. MAYER 2,296,361

non BAKING OVEN OR THE LIKE FiledMay 15, 1959 s Sheets-sheaf 2 FIGLZ. az3 O 81 5'3 56 EQ SE3 INVENTOR. \9 Carl FMayer ATTORNEYS.

Sept c. F. MAYER 2,296,361

ROD BAKING OVEN OR THE LIKE Filed May 15, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 I 1 I ll l l I l l l v {:4 ITAIVLENTOIR. BY Carl F. Mayer ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 19 42 non nsxmcovauon'mnuxa Carl r. Mayer, Lakewood, OhioClaims.

This invention relates'generally to the class of industrial ovens, andmore particularly to one in which the material or articles to be treatedare loaded and unloaded in a vertical direction through the top of theoven.

A' purpose to which. the oven or my present invention is peculiarlysuited is that of rodor wire baking, and for that reason it is sodisclosed herein.

Rod baking ovens, or rod bakers, so-called, are

used fordrying rod or wire after it has been pickled and then dipped ina solution of lime or the like, as is well known to those acquaintedwith the art. The lime coating serves to neutralize the acid used in thepickling process. In the baking step, the rod or wire is heated or bakedfor the purpose of driving off the occluded hydrogen caused by thepickling operation and to leave deposited upon the wire or rod the drylime that serves as a lubricant for the dies during the drawingoperation. 1

The present embodiment of my invention is adapted to the prevailingarrangements of pick lingand coating vats and naturally is intended forlocation at the concluding end of the socalled cleaning line.

Application May 15, 1939, Serial No. 213,119.

(on. ass-1c) shutters or which structures swing upwardly as the load islifted from the oven and then returned to closed position by gravity.'

Another object is to provide a circulating sys- 5 tem by which theheating fluid is thoroughly diffused throughout the interior of the ovenor hair-- ing chamber, and by which the oven or chamber is effectivelyventilated. By reason of the manner in which the heating fluid iscirculated and diffused, the work being treated is completely immersedin a bath of heated'rapidly moving clean air, thus assuring thoroughpenetration of coils of rods or wire or the interstices of otherarticles being treated.

Other objects and advantages will appear as I proceed to describetheinvention in detail by.

reference to the accompamring drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a plan view ofmy improved oven; Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal, section aothrough the same, substantially on th lin 2-2 of Fig. 3 (the heatexchangers, certain ducts associated therewith, etc., being shown inelevation); Fig.3 is a section at right angles to Fig. 2, as indicatedby the line 33 of the latter view;

Fig. 4 is a. sectional detail of the knee joint con- 'While, as beforestated, I have disclosed my invention in this particular association, itis to be understood that the invention has a broader application andthat my improved oven or treating receptacle may be employed for variouspurposes, as in th drying of coatings upon articles, the treating ofrubber articles, etc.

An object of my invention is the provision of an oven or receptacle ofthe character aforesaid, designed and arranged to be loaded and unloadedfrom the top, and that is provided with doors ior effectively preventingany appreciable amount of heat loss or air spillage and obviating thobiectionable escape of heat and fumes into the surrounding workingquarters, thus promoting efllciency, economy, and comfort to theworkmen,- the doors opening and closing automatically as the load islowered into the oven and as it is removed therefrom.

More specifically stated, the invention has for an object the provisionof doors for the type or oven or'receptacle referred to, that consistsof counterweighted structures including shutters that close off the topof the oven, and which yield in a downward direction to the passage ofthe load as it is lowered into the oven or receptacle and automaticallyclose thereover (the entire counterwelghted structure of each doorrocknection between the main elements of one of the doors and the hingesupport of such door, with the door in closed position, and Figs. 5 and6 are similar details showing the position of the parts when the door isswung open, first, as in Fig. 5,

by the lowering of a load into the oven, and second, as in Fig. 6, bythe lifting of a load from the oven.

The oven or baking chamber, designated generally by the referencecharacter A, is enclosed by end walls I and 2, sidewalls 3 and 8 and abottom wall 5. These walls are of th customary insulated kind employedin industrial ovens. The structure comprising these walls is supportedby a framework, including post 8, from the bottom l of a pit so thatsaid structure is located with its bottom wall 6 at about the floorlevel, the pit about the oven being covered by grating designated l0.

In the pit below the oven is an. indirect heater designated generally bythe reference character B, and the same is of the combustion type andmay be fired with any suitable liquid or gaseous fuel. The heaterincludes a combustion chamber I5 and a tempering chamber [1 enclosed bywalls of refractory material, the front and rear ones of which aredesignated 18 and I9, respectively.

n The front wall It is provided with one or more openings 2| for theaccommodation of burners ingduring such lowering of the load), and the(not shown) Insulation is applied to the outer sides of the wallsof thecombustion and temper- 7 ing chambers, as indicated at 23.

Situated above and communicating with the temperingchamber is a spaceenclosed by insulated 'walls. the front and rear ones of which aredesignated 25 and 28, respectively, inFig. 2;

. and occupying this space are heat exchangers 30.

Fresh airand/or recirculated air is supplied from a fan or blower 32.through a duct 33 and a connection 34, to the inlet header 35 of thtopmost let thereof communicates, through the elbow casf ing 38.with-the inlet of the fourth and final heat exchanger that exhausts,through its header 39, into the broad lower end of a duct 40 whichseparates toward its upper end into two branches 4| and 42 that leadupwardly through'the bottomwall 5. of the oven. A drip pan 45 extendssubstantially horizontally across the oven a distanceabo've the bottomwall 5, and the same drains through a waste pipe 46 (Fig. 3). The branchduct 4| extends along the underneath sideof the; drip pan midway betweenthe side walls 3 and 4 to where it joins the lower end of an airdistributing or diffusing unit 48. As will best appear from Fig. 3, theunit 48 is cross shaped in endelevation, the top of its upright portionrising to within a relatively short dis-.'

tance ofith'e top of the oven, and the lateral arms of which are turnedinwardly at right angles and follow the side walls 3 and 4, stoppingshort of the longitudinal'center of the oven. Th inwardly facing wallsof this distributing unit are pro.-

vided with a plurality of outlet openings 49 of such number andarrangement as to effect a very thorough diffusion of the heated fluidas it is discharged therefrom into the interior of the oven or' chamberA. A similar fluid distributing unit 48 occupies the opposite endof theoven or chamber and communicates with the branch duct 42; and the outletopenings of the latter unit are designated 49. v

Extending transverselyacross the-bottom wall 5 of the oven beneath thebranch duct 4| is a return duct 50jwhose left hand end (as the parts areviewed in Fig. 3) continues up along the side wall 3 and forms thevertical leg 5| of a fluid recovery unit designated generally by thereference numeral. Said unit includes, besides the vertical leg 5| ahorizontal casing that extends along the side wall 3 near the upper edgethereof throughout the length of the oven, and at its ends has rightangle extensions 56 of smaller cross sectional area than the casing 55,the latter being provided with inlet openings 51, while the casingmember 55 is provided with inlet openings 58. The leg 5| is alsoprovided with inlet openings 60. Arranged adjacent the side wall 4 inopposed relation to the recovery unit 53 is one of identical nature,designated 53, the parts whereof that correspond to the unit 53 beingdesignated by the same reference characters, augmentedby the exponent a.The lower end of the upright 5| of the'unit 53 1s turned laterallythrough an opening in the side wall 4 immediately above the adjacent endof the duct 50 that also projects through an opening in said wall andboth join a duct 65 that leads downwardly through an opening in thegrating l0 into the pit below and has communicative connection with theinlet of the previously mentioned fan orblower 32.

Disposed centrally and longitudinally of the oven or chamber A, andshown as resting on the drip pan 45, is a blow-oi! manifold 88 that isprovided with upwardly diverging nozzles 83. This manifold hasconnection through a pipe 10 with a motor driven high pressure blowerwhose intake communicates, through a pipe 13 (Fig. 2) with the lower endof the duct adjacent the latters connection with the inlet of the fan orblower 32. The purpose of this blow-off manifold is to direct blasts ofhot air of high velocity against the articles being treated, as thecoils of rod that hang upon the pin within the oven or chamber A, so asto quickly evaporate the moisture that drains to the bottom of saidcoils or other articles. This feature is disclosed and claimed in myco-jending application Serial No. 225,493, filed August 17, 1938, nowPatent No. 2,235,559, isued March 18, 1941.

The products of combustion from the chambers l5 and I1 rise within thespace occupied by the heat exchangers 30 wiping up along the tubesthereof as will more fully appear hereinafter, and said products arecollected-by a bonnet. 15 which may exhaust to a stack or, as hereinillustrated, communicate, through a conduit 16, with the inlet ofanexhaust fan or. blower 11 that may be driven by any suitable means.

As previously explained, the present embodiment of the invention isintended for use as a rod'baker, and the rod, in the form of the coils C(Fig. 3), is suspended from a hook-like element or pin 80 that issecured to and depends froma beam 8|, having attaching elements or eyes82 for holding engagement with suitable handling apparatus, such as anoverhead hoist and'trolley by which the work is conveyed along thecleaning line, hereinbefore referred to. The load is adapted to besustained within the oven or chamber A in drying or baking position byengagement of the ends of the beam 8| with the tops of the end walls Iand 2.

In the interests of economy and greater efficiency, as well as comfortto the workmen by positively preventing appreciable escape or spillageof the hot gases and fumes into the surrounding working quarters, Iequip the oven with doors designated generally by the reference numeral85. Each door consists of an outer marginal plate 86 (Figs. 4 to 6) thatis hingedly connected at 81 to a beam 88 that is supported by andbetween the end walls of the oven. The plate is reinforced or stiffenedalong its outer edge by an angle iron 88 which serves also as acounterbalancing weight that tends to retain the door in normal closedposition, as illustrated in .full lines in Fig. 3. The door is completedby a shutter 90 that has its outer edge overlapping the inner edge ofthe plate 86 and hinged thereto at 9|. The free edge of the shutter maybe reinforced by an angle 93. Thus it will be seen that I provide a sortof knee joint between the two main elements of the door, to wit, theshutter 90 and the plate 86, as best illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6,whereby the entire door structure may swing to the position indicated indotted lines on the right side of Fig. 3 and in full lines in Fig. 5when the load is being lowered into the ovenor chamber A in oppositionto the gravitational influence of the weight constituted of the angleiron 89. When the load is fully within the ovenor chamber, it will havepassed beyond reach of the inner edges of the doors and they willautomatically return to normal or closed position under the action ofthe aforesaid weight. It may here be explained that during the times thedoors are open there will beanegligible escape. of the gases and fumesdue to the proximity direction, each door comprising a, shutter normallyreposing in a substantially horizontal position adjacent the top of theoven, a member of the inlet openings of the recovery'units 53 and 53 tothe top of the oven.

When the load is lifted from the oven, it will engage the shutters 90and swing them upwardly on their hinges far enough to permit the passage ofthe load, one of said shuttersbeing so indicated in dotted lineson the left side of Fig. 3, the correspondingposition oi the right handshutter being shown in full lines in Fig. 6 and to avoid any possibilityof the shutters being thrown outwardly beyond a vertical position fromwhich they could not close by gravity, I desire to include, stops 95that are carried by the plates 86. Suitable check means, such as dashpots, or bumpers or buiifers may be used to retard or silence theclosing of the doors.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: l

1. In a top loading and unloading even wherewith means is associated forlowering a load into and lifting it from the oven, closure means for thetop of the oven that opens as the load passes in both a downward and. anupward direction,

said closure means comprising a shutter norso mally reposing in asubstantially horizontal position adjacent the top of theoven, a membersupported for oscillation and with which the shutter haspivotalconnection so that the shutter may swing relative to the memberthrough an are above said horizontal position, the shutter and member,by reason of the nature of the connection between them, moving in unisonwhen the shutter is swung through an are below the aforesaid horizontalposition, and means biasing the member to the position it occupies whenthe shutter is substantially horizontal.

2. In a top loading and unloading oven wherewith means is associated forlowering a load into and lifting it from the oven, doors for closing thetop of the oven that yield to the passing o! the load in both a downwardand an upward supported for oscillation and with which the shutter haspivotal connection so that theshutter may swing relative to the memberthrough an are above said horizontal position, the shutter and member,by reason of the nature of the connection between them, moving in unisonwhen the shutter is swung through an are below the aforesaid horizontalosition, and means biasing the member to the position it occupies whenthe shutter is substantially horizontal.

3. In a top loading and unloading oven, a pair of doors hinged to theoven structure adiacent the top thereof that are adapted to be depressedandopened as the load is lowered into the oven, said doors beingoounterweighted so as to automatically resume closed position whenreleased, and hinged shutters constituting'portions of the vdoors andarranged to be swung to open position as the load is lifted and toreturn to closed position by gravity when released.

4. In a top loading and unloading oven, a pair of doors adjacent the topof the even that are adapted to be depressed and opened as the load islowered into the oven, each door consisting of a marginal plate hingedto the oven structure a substantial distance inwardly from the adjacentside of said structure and extending outwardly over said side, a shutterhinged to the plate near the inner edge of the latter, and means tendingto retain'the plate and shutter in a horizontal position.

5. In a top loading and unloading oven, a pair of doors adjacent the topof the oven that are adapted to be depressed and opened as the load islowered into the oven, each door consisting of. a marginal plate hingedto the oven structure a substantial distance inwardly from the adjacentside of said structure and extending outwardly over said side, a weightoperatively con nected to the plate adjacent its outer edge, and ashutter hinged to the top side of the plate near the inner edge thereofso that the shutter has a knee joint connection with the plate. CARL 1".MAYER;

